#OTD20 | September 25, 1919
Woodrow Wilson's Debilitating Stroke: A Secret Crisis in American Governance
September 25, 1919: President Woodrow Wilson collapses while in Colorado, rallying public support for the League of Nations.
The president is rushed back to Washington. One week later he suffers a crippling stroke that leaves him incapacitated for weeks. For a time, Wilson hovers between life and death, visited only by close family and a few advisors. The country faces an unprecedented governance crisis, as there is no clear constitutional provision for declaring a president unable to perform duties.
President Wilson's stroke creates a power vacuum just as the U.S. Senate is debating the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations. Led by Henry Cabot Lodge, the Senate effectively ends Wilson's dream by refusing to ratify the treaty without reservations.
Although Wilson eventually regains control of his faculties, he never fully recovers, highlighting the risks of a single point of failure in the U.S. governance system.
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